159 the fast fast of moral pressure hunger strike satyagrahic fast

methods of nonviolent intervention psychological intervention
159 the fast fast of moral pressure hunger strike satyagrahic fast banner

"The fast is often used as a method of psychological intervention. Abstention from certain or all foods may be undertaken for a number of reasons, including health, religion, penance, self-purification, and desire to achieve social and political objectives. The latter reason is most relevant here, although fasts undertaken for reasons of religion, penance and self-purification may under certain circumstances also constitute intervention. In addition, fasts may serve simply as a form of moral protest. Three types of the fast will be distinguished in this context: the fast of moral pressure, the hunger strike, and the satyagrahic fast as applied on some occasions by Gandhi."...

((Sharp, Gene. The Politics of Nonviolent Action (p. 384). Albert Einstein Institution. Kindle Edition.))

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030 rude gestures

rude gestures

trending_up 9.7/10 as a pair
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016 picketing

picketing

trending_up 8.2/10 as a pair
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019 wearing of symbols

wearing of symbols

trending_up 8.3/10 as a pair
group_work In 12 campaigns together

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024 symbolic lights

symbolic lights

trending_down 4.3/10 as a pair
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120 withholding or withdrawal of allegiance

withholding or withdrawal of allegiance

trending_down 4.9/10 as a pair
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056 selective social boycott

selective social boycott

trending_down 4.8/10 as a pair
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High scoring campaigns using this method

Historical cases from the Nonviolent Action Database that used this method

Ahmedabad textile laborers win strike for economic justice, 1918

10.0/10

A heavy monsoon season had destroyed agricultural crops and led to a plague epidemic claiming nearly 10 percent of the population of Ahmedabad in 1917. During the period of intense plague outbreak from August 1917 to January 1918, the workers of the ...

Bolivians win democratic control of the country's gas reserves, 2003-2005

10.0/10

Bolivia contains significant natural resources, but also has a long history of exploitation by foreign powers. One of these resources is natural gas. Just like the precious metals from Potosí, however, the gas was mostly exported (partially due to lo...

Texans defend Sierra Blanca community against nuclear waste disposal, 1996-1998

10.0/10

In 1991, the Texas Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Authority (TLLRWDA) began searching for a disposal site for dangerous toxic waste in the Hudspeth County area. According to the 1983 La Paz agreement, Hudspeth County falls in a no-contamination...

Costa Ricans protest open pit gold mining, 2010

10.0/10

In 2008, former President of Costa Rica, Oscar Arias authorized the removal of over 600 acres of yellow almond trees in order to build a gold mine in Las Crucitas, a small town in Northern Costa Rica. Costa Rican law prohibits the cutting down of the...

Columbia University students win divestment from apartheid South Africa, United States, 1985

10.0/10

On April 4, 1985, seven students at Columbia University, members of the Coalition for a Free South Africa (CFSA), chained closed the doors to Columbia’s administrative building, Hamilton Hall, and sat on the steps, blockading the entrance. They were ...

Taiwanese citizens demonstrate to end construction of the Fourth Nuclear Power Plant and amend the Referendum Act, 1988-2017

10.0/10

Nuclear power in Taiwan enjoyed a high level of support among academics throughout the 1970s and the early 1980s, when the government and the state-owned energy provider widely disseminated propaganda about its benefits. During this period, the Taiwa...

Imprisoned Iranian human rights lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh wins freedom of travel for her daughter, 2012

10.0/10

In September 2010, Iranian authorities sentenced prominent human rights lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh to 11 years in prison on charges of acting against national security and propaganda against the Iranian regime. She was also originally barred from practic...

South Korean environmentalists protect Gyeyang Mountain against golf course development, Incheon, 2006-2011.

10.0/10

Incheon is a dense city of 3 million in the northern part of South Korea. One significant destination in the area is Gyeyang Mountain, which lies adjacent to the city and attracts 10,000 tourists daily. Gyeyang is largely undeveloped and is home to o...

Cambodians win release of prisoners taken during nonviolent invasion to defend neighborhood, 2012

10.0/10

Phnom Penh, Cambodia, is situated on the confluence of four rivers: the Upper and Lower Mekong rivers, the Bassac River and the Tonle Sap river. The surrounding area is flat and low-lying, subject to annual flooding. Natural lakes formed as the river...

Ukrainian students hunger strike and protest against government, 1990

10.0/10

Dissatisfied with lack of democracy and the Soviet Union’s influence on their country, Ukrainian university students in L'viv established the Student Brotherhood in March of 1989. In December students in the capital city of Kiev formed the Ukrainian ...

Low scoring campaigns using this method

Historical cases from the Nonviolent Action Database that used this method

Bolivian President stages hunger strike for economic reform, 1984

0.0/10

After a two year stalemate following the 1979 and 1980 elections, the Bolivian parliament elected the winner of the 1980 popular vote, Hernán Siles Zuazo, president on 10 October, 1982. The Siles administration was composed of a broad coalition of le...

Manx prisoners hunger strike against smoking ban, 2008

1.0/10

The Isle of Man (also known as Mann) is an island British Crown Dependency, located between Great Britain and Ireland. On March 30, 2008, a ban on smoking in public places came into effect. This ban also included smoking inside the Victoria Road Pris...

Tajik women hunger strike against market demolition, 2009

1.5/10

Tajikistan is a small country in Asia that borders Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, and China with a population of approximately 8 million. Once a republic under the Soviet Union, the country experienced a civil war that lasted from 1992 to 1997, which damag...

Russians protest against election fraud (Snow Revolution), 2011-2012

1.5/10

Russian politics have long consisted of a close relationship between the state and United Russia, the dominant political party in Russian politics since 2000. United Russia is a centrist party that political elites created to support their favored ca...

Bulgarian prisoner goes on a hunger strike for education rights, 2013

2.0/10

On 28 December 2007, Australian Jock Palfreeman was in downtown Sofia, Bulgaria, with some friends when he witnessed a young man being attacked by what he believed were football hooligans. Palfreeman chose to help the man, and suddenly found himself ...

California inmates hunger strike to improve prison conditions, 2013

2.0/10

In 2011, over 12,000 prisoners of California’s corrections system participated in a hunger strike to protest their inhumane conditions of confinement. The protesters had five core demands: 1) Eliminate group punishments and administrative abuse, 2) A...

Indian villagers protest Tehri Dam construction, 2001-2002

2.0/10

In 1990, the Indian government and Tehri Hydro Power Corporation began planning to dam the Bhagirati River at the Himalayan foothill town of Tehri in Uttar Pradesh. Plans indicated that it would be the fourth largest dam in the world. Damming the riv...

Algonquins campaign against uranium mining, Ontario, Canada, 2007-2008

2.5/10

The Frontenac Ventures Development Corporation received from the Ontario government in Canada a permit to begin exploratory drilling for uranium on 30,000 acres of Canadian Crown land in its eastern region of Sharbot Lake. In June 2007, the company b...

Burmese (Myanmar) monks campaign for democracy (Saffron Revolution), 2007

2.5/10

In 1988 Burmese students led mass demonstrations against the oppressive military junta of Burma (the country now referred to as Myanmar). The result was 3,000 civilians dead after a governmental crackdown and a prevailing junta. Shortly after, as the...

University of Vermont students campaign for a higher living wage, 2006-2008

3.0/10

Beginning in late 2005, students at the University of Vermont (UVM) were involved in a movement to increase the wages of school employees such that workers could be given a "living wage." Primarily focused on food-service employees contracted by Sode...

Effectiveness profile

Success by Opponent
Corporation / Business 7.6
Educational Institution 5.8
Financial Institution 7.5
Government / State Body 6.6
Healthcare Provider 7.8
Judiciary / Legal System 6.8
Media Organization 7.2
Military / Police 6.8
Success by Theme
Success by Group Type
Success by Region
Success by Campaign Scale
Success by Goal Magnitude

Risk profile

Risk by region

Compared to the worldwide average for this method

Africa
skull
Lethal Force and Harm trending_down Below Average
personal_injury
Physical Assault (Non-Lethal) trending_down Below Average
gavel
Arrests and Legal Action trending_down Below Average
campaign
Intimidation and Harassment trending_down Below Average
lock
Restrictions on Rights and Freedoms trending_down Below Average
house_siding
Property Damage and Economic Reprisals trending_down Below Average
Americas
Asia
Europe
Oceania

Risk by regime

Compared to the worldwide average for this method

Closed autocracy
Electoral autocracy
Electoral democracy
Liberal democracy