058 excommunication

methods of noncooperation social noncooperation ostracism of persons
058 excommunication banner

"One of the forms of social and religious sanctions which churches may apply is excommunication, that is, excluding an individual or group from membership and the associated privileges and participation. This form of social noncooperation is initiated by the leadership of the church, rather than individual members. While such action may at times be prompted by purely personal factors (i.e., excommunication of an individual for conduct considered morally objectionable), in other instances these forms of social noncooperation have been used in political and social struggles."...

((Sharp, Gene. The Politics of Nonviolent Action (p. 216). Albert Einstein Institution. Kindle Edition.))

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015 group lobbying

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High scoring campaigns using this method

Historical cases from the Nonviolent Action Database that used this method

Milanese Catholics and Bishop Ambrose defend their Basilica, 385-386 CE

10.0/10

Early Christendom was rife with sectarian conflicts between competing theologians and their interpretations of the life of Jesus. One of these conflicts was between mainstream (Nicene) Catholicism, which emphasized the Holy Trinity, and Arianism, whi...

Malian Muslims protest against family law revision, 2009

9.0/10

Mali, a nation whose citizens are 90% Muslim, maintains laws that adhere to the regulations laid out in the Qur’an. Current law requires women to obey their husband’s commands, sets the legal age for a girl to marry at 12, gives male children priorit...

Paraguayan indigenous peoples resist the Stroessner regime, 1969-1989

5.0/10

In 1954, a young military officer, Alfredo Stroessner, organized a military coup and overthrew Paraguayan President Federico Chávez. A devoted anti-communist, Stroessner declared a state of siege and suspended constitutional freedoms for the entirety...

Low scoring campaigns using this method

Historical cases from the Nonviolent Action Database that used this method

No low-scoring cases found for this method.

Effectiveness profile

Success by Opponent
Judiciary / Legal System 8.0
Success by Theme

Risk profile

Risk by region

Compared to the worldwide average for this method

Africa
skull
Lethal Force and Harm trending_flat Average
personal_injury
Physical Assault (Non-Lethal) trending_flat Average
gavel
Arrests and Legal Action trending_flat Average
campaign
Intimidation and Harassment trending_flat Average
lock
Restrictions on Rights and Freedoms trending_flat Average
house_siding
Property Damage and Economic Reprisals trending_flat Average
Americas
Europe

Risk by regime

Compared to the worldwide average for this method

Electoral autocracy
Electoral democracy